Human development index

 Human development index

Human development index HDI is the indicator that shows the level of achievement of progress in 3 basic dimension of human development in a given country. The three basic dimension of women development are long and healthy life, knowledge and decent standard of living.

                           In other words, the Human development index HDI is a composite statics of life expectancy education and per capita income indicators which is used to rank countries into four tires of human development as very high Human development, high Human development, medium Human development and low human development.

                                       The human development index was developed in 1990 A D by Indian economist amartya Sen and Pakistani economics mahbub ul haq. Since 1990 the undp has been continuously publishing annual women development index report.

                  The three dimension of Human development are measured using the following indicators.

a. Long and healthy life is measured by life expectancy at birth.

           b. Knowledge, education is measured by average years of schooling in the adult population and expected years of schooling for school age children.

                                     c. Decent standard of living ( income) is measured by gross national income GNI) per capita (PPP US dollar).

  Purposes of measuring human development.

a. To identify the condition of women development.

b. To compare and rank the social and economic development of different countries of the world.

c. To identify the areas to be improved in human development

D. To bring improvement in the human development.

E. To set the future goals of the country and make a plans accordingly.

  Calculations of human development index.

         The method of calculation has been revised from time to time since its inspection in 1990 AD According to the new method published on 4th November 2010 and updated on the June 2011. HDI is calculated with the help of life expectancy index ,education index and income index. The Human development index values range between 0 to 1, where 0 indicates the lowest HD and 1 indicates the highest HDI.